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Jackhammer Esophagus

Jackhammer esophagus causes extreme esophageal contractions, leading to painful swallowing and chest discomfort. At GastroDoxs in Houston, Dr. Rishi Chadha provides expert evaluation, personalized treatments, minimally invasive therapies to ease symptoms, target underlying causes, and improve your quality of life.

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Rishi Chadha

About the Expert

Dr. Rishi Chadha, MD is a board‑certified gastroenterologist who specializes in preventive gastroenterology, colorectal cancer screening, and minimally invasive endoscopic procedures. He completed his fellowship at Sunrise Health GME in Las Vegas and previously trained in internal medicine at St. Vincent’s Medical Center in Connecticut.

What Is Jackhammer Esophagus?

Jackhammer esophagus is a rare swallowing disorder in which the muscles of your esophagus squeeze too hard and for too long. This excessive contraction makes swallowing difficult and can trigger chest pain or pressure. Some patients also experience heartburn or feel like food is getting stuck. While these symptoms can be alarming, they're treatable with gentle, proven care from Dr. Rishi Chadha at GastroDoxs in Houston.

Common Symptoms

  • Chest pain during or after swallowing
  • Difficulty swallowing food or pills
  • Regurgitation of food or water
  • A tight or stuck sensation in the throat
  • Heartburn or acid reflux

Causes of Jackhammer Esophagus

  • Acid reflux (GERD)
  • Stress or anxiety
  • Nerve problems affecting esophageal muscles
  • Certain medications (for example, asthma inhalers)
  • Age over 50

How Dr. Rishi Chadha Diagnoses Jackhammer Esophagus?

1. Review of Your Symptoms and Medical History

Dr. Chadha begins by discussing your swallowing difficulties, chest pain, heartburn, and overall health history to pinpoint possible triggers.

2. Esophageal Manometry

This key test measures the strength, coordination, and duration of muscle contractions in your esophagus during swallowing.

3. Upper Endoscopy

An endoscope is used to visually inspect the esophagus for inflammation, narrowing, or other structural issues that might contribute to your symptoms.

4. 24-Hour pH Monitoring

A small probe tracks acid levels in your esophagus over a full day, helping to identify reflux that may worsen contractions.

Dr. Rishi Chadha
Treatment

Treatment Options at GastroDoxs for Jackhammer Esophagus

1. Lifestyle and Diet Changes

  • Eat small, soft meals
  • Chew food slowly and completely
  • Avoid spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine
  • Raise the head of your bed to reduce nighttime reflux

2. Medications

  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to control acid reflux
  • Muscle relaxants (e.g., calcium channel blockers) to ease contractions
  • Low-dose antidepressants to calm esophageal pain signals

3. Minimally Invasive Procedures

  • Botox injections to relax overly tight esophageal muscles
  • Balloon dilation for gentle widening of the esophagus
  • Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) for more severe or refractory cases
Rishi Chadha

About the Author

Dr. Rishi Chadha, MD is a board‑certified gastroenterologist who specializes in preventive gastroenterology, colorectal cancer screening, and minimally invasive endoscopic procedures. He completed his fellowship at Sunrise Health GME in Las Vegas and previously trained in internal medicine at St. Vincent’s Medical Center in Connecticut.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is jackhammer esophagus?

Jackhammer esophagus is a rare swallowing disorder where your esophageal muscles contract too forcefully and for too long, making swallowing painful and difficult.

How is it different from nutcracker esophagus?

While both involve overly strong contractions, jackhammer esophagus features longer, more powerful, and more painful muscle spasms than nutcracker esophagus.

Can it go away on its own?

No. Jackhammer esophagus typically requires medical evaluation and treatment to relieve symptoms and prevent worsening.

What helps treat it?

Treatment may include diet and lifestyle changes, medications (acid reducers, muscle relaxants, low-dose antidepressants), and minimally invasive procedures like Botox injections, balloon dilation, or POEM.

What test confirms it?

Esophageal manometry is the key diagnostic test that measures the strength and duration of your esophageal muscle contractions.

Is POEM safe?

Yes. Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) is a minimally invasive procedure with a low risk of side effects, performed by experienced specialists like Dr. Chadha.

Can lifestyle changes help?

Absolutely. Eating smaller, softer meals, chewing thoroughly, avoiding trigger foods (spicy, alcohol, caffeine), and raising your bed's head can reduce symptoms.

Is Botox safe?

Generally yes. Botox injections relax the esophageal muscles; side effects are usually mild and may include temporary chest discomfort.

How long is recovery after dilation?

Most patients recover quickly and can resume normal eating within 1-2 days after balloon dilation.

Will I need lifelong medication?

Not always. Many patients gradually reduce or stop medications once their symptoms are well controlled under Dr. Chadha's guidance.

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