What Is Dysphagia?
Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing. You might feel like food or liquid is stuck in your throat or chest, cough or choke when eating, or experience pain. It ranges from mild discomfort to severe obstruction and carries ICD-10 code R13.x for diagnosis and tracking.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Age (risk rises after 50)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Neurological conditions (stroke, Parkinson's disease)
- Muscle disorders (scleroderma, myositis)
- Head or neck surgery, radiation therapy
- Structural abnormalities (esophageal strictures, tumors)
Signs and Symptoms
- Sensation of food sticking in throat or chest
- Coughing, choking, or gagging during meals
- Pain or discomfort when swallowing (odynophagia)
- Unintended weight loss
- Excessive drooling or inability to handle saliva
- Regurgitation of undigested food or liquids
Expert Treatment for Dysphagia by Dr. Bharat Pothuri
Dr. Pothuri uses a step-by-step diagnostic approach:
Medical History & Symptom Review
He begins by discussing your swallowing difficulties, health history, and any related symptoms to understand the root cause.
Barium Swallow X-ray
You will be asked to drink a contrast solution while X-ray images track its movement through your esophagus, helping detect obstructions or motility issues.
Upper Endoscopy (EGD)
An endoscope is gently passed through your mouth to view the lining of your esophagus and stomach. Biopsies may be taken if inflammation or other issues are seen.
Esophageal Manometry
This test measures the pressure and coordination of muscle contractions in your esophagus, which is crucial for identifying motility disorders.
pH Testing (if acid reflux is suspected)
A small probe records acid levels in your esophagus over 24 hours to determine if GERD is contributing to your swallowing problems.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is dysphagia?
Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing. It can affect liquids, solids, or both and may cause coughing or choking during meals.
What are the main causes of dysphagia?
Common causes include neurological disorders (stroke, Parkinson's), GERD, esophageal strictures, head and neck cancers, and muscle disorders.
How is dysphagia diagnosed?
Diagnosis often involves a barium swallow X-ray, upper endoscopy (EGD), or a videofluoroscopic swallow study with a speech pathologist.
What treatments are available?
Treatment depends on the cause. Options include swallowing therapy, esophageal dilation for strictures, acid-reducing medications, and surgery if needed.
Can diet changes help with dysphagia?
Yes. A speech-language pathologist may recommend thickened liquids or pureed foods to make swallowing safer and easier.
When should I see a doctor?
Seek evaluation if you experience weight loss, recurrent chest infections, choking, or food sticking in your throat for more than two weeks.
Is dysphagia dangerous?
If untreated, dysphagia can lead to malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. Early assessment reduces risks.
How long does recovery take?
Recovery varies widely. Swallowing therapy may require several weeks, while surgical or endoscopic treatments can resolve symptoms more quickly.