Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is a long lasting liver disease where the bile ducts within and without the liver become inflamed, scaled and constricted. In the long term, the acute liver damage, cirrhosis, and bile duct infections, liver damage, cirrhosis, and complications can be acquired due to the obstruction of bile flow. PSC is commonly related to inflammatory bowel disease especially ulcerative colitis, which may exist as an independent entity.
PSC can go at a slow pace and in the beginning of the process you may not be aware of any symptoms. When the disease progresses, pay attention to:
PSC has no certain known cause, although there are a number of factors that seemed to contribute to it:
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PSC is a progressive hepatic disease, which may cause either cirrhosis, liver dysfunction or bile duct cancer when uncontrolled. The progression can be slowed down and the quality of life enhanced with early diagnosis and continued treatment.
PSC is also diagnosed with the help of blood tests (liver enzymes, p-ANCA) and visual inspection of the liver with ultrasound and MRCP to examine the bile ducts and, in rare cases, by means of ERCP to view strictures and take biopsies.
Yes. The liver and health are in favor of the nutritious diet that consists of low-fat protein and whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and lean product consumption with lower sodium levels and healthy fats. Vitamin supplementation could be prescribed in case of absorption impairment.
Although there is an increased risk of PSC in case of family history of liver or bile duct diseases, the disorder is not hereditary. There is also a role played by immune system factors and other environmental triggers.
Blood bacteria markers which are commonly elevated in PSC patients are perinuclear anti?neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA). They are used to substantiate the diagnosis but are not convincing in themselves.
The ultrasound imaging may identify thickening, strictures, or dilation of the bile duct as well as the texture of the liver, and is thus a noninvasive step in the assessment of PSC.
Scientists are investigating new drugs, biological treatments and endoscopic methods that would delay the injury caused by bile ducts. Eligible patients can be recruited to take part in clinical trials.
Patients with end-stage liver disease, recurrent bile duct infections, severe itching or high risk of bile duct cancer that is impossible to treat through medical means are recommended to undergo a transplant evaluation.
Follow-up Routine follow-up (3-6 monthly) is the norm to check on symptoms, liver functioning tests, imaging procedures and change treatment where necessary.
Yes. In spite of the fact that PSC is more prevalent among adults between 30 and 50 years old, it may also be found in children. It is essential to identify and treat the disease at an early stage and delay the progress of the disease.
