What is a perianal fistula?
A perianal fistula is a small passage that forms between the anal canal and the skin around the anus, usually developing after an infection or abscess.
What causes a perianal fistula?
Most fistulas occur when an anal gland becomes blocked and inflamed. Other possible causes include Crohn’s disease, previous surgeries, or certain infections.
What does a perianal fistula look like?
It may appear as a small bump, hole, or opening near the anus, often surrounded by redness and irritation, and may discharge pus or blood.
What is a seton?
A seton is a medical thread inserted through the fistula tract to keep it open, allowing continuous drainage and promoting gradual healing.
How long is recovery after surgery?
Most patients heal within four to six weeks after surgical correction, though more complex fistulas may take longer to recover fully.
Is surgery always needed?
Some perianal fistulas require surgery for complete healing, but mild cases may respond well to antibiotics or other medical therapies.
When should I see a doctor?
You should consult a specialist if you experience pain, swelling, persistent drainage, or abscesses around the anus.
How is a perianal fistula diagnosed?
In many cases, a physical examination is sufficient. However, imaging tests such as MRI or ultrasound may be used to map the fistula tract before treatment.
What care is needed after surgery?
Aftercare generally includes warm sitz baths, proper wound care, pain management, and regular follow-up visits to ensure healing and prevent complications.
Why visit GastroDoxs for perianal fistula treatment?
At GastroDoxs in Houston, our specialists provide expert, compassionate care using modern technology, clear communication, and a personalized approach from diagnosis through recovery.
Medically Reviewed by
Dr. Bharat Pothuri, MD, FACG
| Updated 03-17-2026