What Is Squamous Cell Cancer?
Squamous cell cancer starts in flat cells that line surfaces and organs. In the digestive system, it most often affects the esophagus. This cancer is also found in the lungs or skin, but Dr. Rishi Chadha focuses on esophageal cases at GastroDoxs. He offers early detection and expert care in Houston.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Smoking and alcohol use
- Long-term acid reflux or Barrett's esophagus
- Diet low in fruits and vegetables
- Being male and over age 50
- Infection with HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
Signs and Symptoms
- Ongoing trouble swallowing
- Unexplained weight loss
- Chest pain or persistent heartburn
- Hoarse voice or constant coughing
- Vomiting or regurgitation of food
How Dr. Rishi Chadha Diagnoses Squamous Cell Cancer?
Dr. Chadha uses a step-by-step approach for accurate diagnosis:
1. Upper Endoscopy with Biopsy
Under sedation, Dr. Chadha visually inspects the esophageal lining and takes targeted tissue samples for pathological analysis.
2. Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)
An ultrasound probe on the endoscope determines how deeply the tumor has invaded the esophageal wall and checks nearby lymph nodes.
3. CT or PET Scans
CT or PET imaging evaluates whether the cancer has spread to lymph nodes or distant organs, which is essential for accurate staging.
4. Laboratory Tests
Comprehensive blood work reviews overall health, organ function, and eligibility for various treatment options.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes squamous cell cancer of the esophagus?
Long-term smoking, alcohol use, acid reflux or Barrett's esophagus, and HPV infection.
How is stage 1 squamous cell cancer treated?
Early-stage cases often use endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or ablation (RFA or cryoablation) with high success rates.
Can it spread to lymph nodes?
Yes. Squamous cell cancer of the esophagus can spread to nearby lymph nodes, especially in advanced stages.
What does it look like during endoscopy?
It may appear as a raised patch, thickened area, or ulcerated lesion in the esophageal lining.
How long is recovery after EMR?
Most patients resume eating normally within a few days and return to routine activities in about a week.
Is diet important during treatment?
Absolutely. Soft, high-protein meals in small portions and non-acidic fluids aid healing and ease swallowing.
Can GI doctors treat squamous cancer in the lungs?
No. Lung squamous cell cancer requires a pulmonologist or oncologist, though we can provide a referral.
How often are follow-up scopes needed?
Typically every 3-6 months after treatment, then annually if the condition remains stable.
Are there non-surgical treatments for advanced stages?
Yes. Options include stent placement, immunotherapy, targeted drug therapy, and radiation.
Do you take Houston Medicaid or other insurance plans?
Yes. We accept most major insurance plans, including Houston Medicaid, and confirm coverage before your appointment.