What Is Appendicitis?
Appendicitis is the inflammation and infection of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. When the appendix becomes blocked, bacteria multiply rapidly, leading to swelling, pain, and-if left untreated-possible rupture.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Blockage by hardened stool (fecalith)
- Bacterial overgrowth or infection
- Small growths or tumors within the appendix
- Digestive infections spreading to the appendix
- Diets low in fiber and high in sugar
- Family history of appendicitis
- Most common in teens and young adults
Signs and Symptoms
- Pain near the belly button that shifts to the lower right abdomen
- Steady, sharp pain that worsens over time
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
- Fever and chills
- Abdominal bloating or swelling
- Intermittent cramping in early stages
Expert Treatment for Appendicitis by Dr. Bharat Pothuri
Dr. Pothuri uses a step-by-step approach:
Medical History and Physical Exam
He asks about the onset and pattern of your abdominal pain-often starting in the epigastric region and migrating to the lower right quadrant-along with appetite changes, nausea, vomiting and fever. He also reviews your prior medical history and risk factors.
Blood Tests
We obtain a complete blood count (CBC) to check for an elevated white blood cell count and measure C-reactive protein (CRP) as a marker of inflammation.
Imaging Studies
- Abdominal ultrasound to look for an enlarged, noncompressible appendix and rule out other causes of pain.
- CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast when ultrasound is inconclusive or the presentation is atypical.
- MRI for pregnant patients or when radiation exposure must be minimized.
Advanced Testing (if needed)
If noninvasive testing does not yield a clear diagnosis, diagnostic laparoscopy provides direct visualization of the appendix and allows immediate surgical treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes appendicitis?
Appendicitis usually occurs when the appendix becomes blocked by stool, swelling, infection, or foreign objects, leading to inflammation.
What are the early signs of appendicitis?
Early signs include sudden pain near the belly button that shifts to the lower right abdomen, loss of appetite, nausea, and mild fever.
How is appendicitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis combines a physical exam, blood tests to check for infection, and imaging (ultrasound or CT scan) to visualize the inflamed appendix.
Do I always need surgery for appendicitis?
Yes. An appendectomy (surgical removal of the appendix) is the standard treatment to prevent rupture and serious complications.
Can appendicitis be treated without surgery?
In select cases, mild appendicitis may be managed with antibiotics under close medical supervision, but surgery remains the definitive treatment.
What is the recovery time after an appendectomy?
Most patients recover fully within 1-3 weeks after a laparoscopic appendectomy, with minimal scarring and a quick return to normal activities.