What Is Anemia?
Anemia occurs when your body doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your tissues. This lack of oxygen can leave you feeling tired, weak, and short of breath. The most common subtypes are iron-deficiency anemia, vitamin B12-deficiency anemia, and folate-deficiency anemia.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Iron deficiency due to inadequate dietary intake or chronic blood loss (e.g., heavy menstruation, GI bleeding)
- Poor absorption of nutrients (celiac disease, Crohn's disease, gastric bypass)
- Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency from diet or malabsorption
- Chronic kidney disease or other long-term illnesses
- Family history of inherited blood disorders (thalassemia, sickle cell)
- Recent surgery or trauma with significant blood loss
Signs and Symptoms
- Persistent fatigue or weakness
- Pale or sallow skin, pale nail beds or gums
- Shortness of breath, even with mild activity
- Dizziness, lightheadedness, or headaches
- Cold hands and feet
- Rapid, pounding, or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
Expert Treatment for Anemia by Dr. Bharat Pothuri
Dr. Pothuri uses a step-by-step approach:
Medical History and Exam
He evaluates the onset, location, quality and timing of your pain, along with diet, medication use (especially NSAIDs), alcohol intake and any risk factors for ulcers or gallbladder disease.
Blood Tests
We obtain a complete blood count, liver function tests and pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase) to rule out hepatitis, biliary obstruction or pancreatitis.
Imaging Studies
- Abdominal ultrasound to check for gallstones, biliary sludge or liver abnormalities.
- CT scan of the abdomen to visualize the pancreas, biliary tract and detect masses or inflammation.
Advanced Testing (if needed)
An upper endoscopy (EGD) allows direct inspection of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum for ulcers, gastritis or hiatal hernia. We can also perform H. pylori testing, gastric emptying studies or pH monitoring to diagnose functional disorders.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I have low iron without full anemia?
Yes. Low iron can make you tired even if your red blood cell count is still normal.
How fast will I feel better with iron supplements?
You may feel better in two to four weeks. Full recovery can take three to six months.
What is the ICD-10 code for anemia?
Unspecified anemia is coded as D64.9. Iron deficiency anemia ranges from D50.0 through D50.9.
When do I need a blood transfusion?
A transfusion is used when your hemoglobin is very low or if you are actively bleeding.
What side effects can iron pills cause?
You may experience constipation or an upset stomach. We can adjust your treatment if this happens.
Will I need a test to find hidden bleeding?
Yes. An endoscopy or colonoscopy can help locate ulcers or polyps that may be bleeding.
Can diet fix anemia on its own?
Food is important, but many patients also need supplements or procedures to fully recover.