What Is CMV (Cytomegalovirus)?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus from the herpes family. Many healthy people can have CMV without any symptoms or knowing they were infected.
However, CMV can cause serious illness in people with weak immune systems, such as transplant recipients, individuals with HIV, or those undergoing chemotherapy.
At GastroDoxs in Houston, Dr. Rishi Chadha provides expert diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment for CMV infection to protect your long-term health.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Close contact with bodily fluids (saliva, urine, breast milk)
- Weakened immunity (HIV infection, transplant recipients, chemotherapy)
- Pregnancy (risk of passing CMV to the fetus)
- Age extremes (infants and older adults)
Signs and Symptoms
- Fever and fatigue
- Sore throat or swollen glands
- Muscle aches
- Gastrointestinal discomfort (abdominal pain, diarrhea)
How Dr. Rishi Diagnoses CMV (Cytomegalovirus)?
Dr. Rishi uses a step-by-step approach:
Medical History and Physical Exam
He reviews your full medical history, assesses risk factors (e.g., immunosuppression, pregnancy), and performs a thorough physical exam.
Blood Tests
He orders CMV AB IgM and CMV IgG antibody assays to distinguish an active infection from past exposure and gauge immune response.
Endoscopy and Tissue Biopsy
For suspected GI involvement, he performs endoscopic evaluation with targeted biopsy to confirm CMV colitis or other organ-specific disease.
Imaging Studies (if needed)
- CT or MRI scans to rule out alternative causes of symptoms or identify complications.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection?
CMV infection occurs when the virus enters your body and multiplies. Many people never notice symptoms, but it can cause illness in those with weakened immunity.
How do you know if CMV is active?
A positive CMV IgM test or a significant rise in CMV IgG antibody levels typically indicates a current or recent infection.
Can a blood test show CMV?
Yes. Blood tests measuring CMV IgM and IgG antibodies can confirm whether you have an active infection or past exposure.
What are common CMV symptoms?
Many cases are mild or asymptomatic. When present, symptoms include fever, fatigue, sore throat, swollen glands, and sometimes abdominal pain or diarrhea if the GI tract is involved.
What does CMV IgG positive mean?
IgG positive indicates past exposure to CMV. It means you have developed antibodies and may have lasting immunity, although the virus can remain dormant.
Is CMV serious?
In most healthy adults, CMV causes mild illness. It can be serious for newborns, transplant recipients, and people with compromised immune systems.
How is CMV treated?
Treatment typically involves antiviral medications such as ganciclovir or valganciclovir, along with supportive care like hydration and rest.
Can CMV recur?
Yes. CMV stays in your body in a latent state and can reactivate if your immune system weakens.
How long does CMV treatment last?
Treatment duration varies by patient. Most require 2�6 weeks of antivirals; transplant patients may need longer preventive therapy with agents like letermovir.
Where can I learn more about CMV?
For detailed information, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/cmv/index.html